Becoming a registered nurse in the United States involves a clear educational pathway that combines academic study with hands-on training. This guide outlines the credentials, timelines, and options you need to know before enrolling.
Below is a quick reference that compares the most common education tracks to become an RN, including time investment, typical costs, and eligibility for the national licensure exam.
| Pathway | Typical Duration | Entry Requirements | NCLEX-RN Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|
| Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) | 2 years | High school diploma or GED, prereqs | Yes |
| Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) | 4 years | High school diploma or GED, prereqs | Yes |
| Accelerated BSN | 12–20 months | Non-nursing bachelor’s degree | Yes |
| Licensed Practical Nurse to RN Bridge | 1–3 years | Active LPN license, general education | Yes |
Choose Your Entry Pathway
Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
The ADN is a popular, fast route to become a registered nurse, focusing on clinical skills and core nursing knowledge. Programs are often available at community colleges and typically take two years on a full-time schedule.
Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)
A BSN provides a broader education that includes leadership, public health, and community nursing. Many employers prefer or require a BSN for certain roles and magnet hospital positions, and it serves as a foundation for future specialization or advanced degrees.
Accreditation and Program Approval
Accrediting Bodies for Nursing Education
Ensure your program is accredited by either the Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing (ACEN) or the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE). State approval and eligibility for the NCLEX-RN are tied to these accreditations.
Prerequisites and Admission Requirements
Common Admission Criteria
Most RN programs require a high school diploma or GED, completion of prereqs such as biology, chemistry, and algebra, a personal statement, and sometimes entrance exams or interviews. Meeting these requirements early helps you secure a seat in competitive programs.
Licensing, Certification, and Career Pathways
Steps to Become a Licensed RN
After graduating from an approved program, you must pass the NCLEX-RN, apply for state licensure, and complete any onboarding requirements such as background checks and immunizations. Continuing education and specialty certifications, like BLS or ACLS, support long-term career growth.
Plan Your Next Steps
- Research accredited ADN and BSN programs in your area.
- Complete prerequisite courses with a strong GPA.
- Prepare for and pass the entrance exams or interviews if required.
- Apply for financial aid, scholarships, or employer tuition support.
- Enroll in an approved program and commit to clinical hours.
- Schedule and pass the NCLEX-RN.
- Pursue continuing education and specialty certifications as your career advances.
FAQ
Reader questions
How long does it take to become a registered nurse through a traditional program?
An Associate Degree in Nursing typically takes two years, while a Bachelor of Science in Nursing usually takes four years of full-time study.
Can I become an RN if I already have a bachelor’s degree in another field?
Yes, you can pursue an Accelerated BSN, which is designed for career changers and can be completed in 12 to 20 months.
Do I need to pass the NCLEX-RN before applying for state licensure?
Yes, passing the NCLEX-RN is required to obtain your nursing license, and you must apply through your state’s board of nursing after receiving exam approval. Common prerequisites include college-level biology with lab, chemistry with lab, anatomy and physiology, and sometimes algebra or statistics, so plan your schedule accordingly.